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What Is Google Lambda – Innovative Technology – This article was written by Sanur Sharma, Associate Fellow, Manohar Parrikar Institute for Defense Research and Analysis.
Artificial intelligence (AI) is considered to be the key to the future to mimic or be sentient with the human brain. Blake Lemoine, an AI engineer at Google, recently started a discussion on AI models that increase awareness at Google Lambda. But with these sparks, what is important here is a serious concern about the ethics of AI.
What Is Google Lambda – Innovative Technology
LaMDA is Google’s language model for dialog applications. It is a highly developed language model chatbot that can take billions of words from the Internet to inform its conversations. It is built on big data or text corpora from the Internet. This is the statistical essence of each text. So when this system or model is asked, it takes the originally written text, tries to continue based on the related words and predicts what words will come next. So, it’s a suggestive model that continues in the text you entered. LaMDA has capabilities similar to BERT and GPT-3 language models and is built on Transformer, a neural network architecture developed by Google Research in 2017. Model generated by this. Architecture teaches you to read words, sentences, and paragraphs, to connect words together, and to predict words that occur in conversation.
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So what makes it different from other chatbots designed for conversation? Chatbots are narrow chat agents designed for specific applications and follow a narrow defined path. In contrast, according to Google, “LaMDA is a model for a conversational application that can engage in free-flowing conversations about seemingly endless topics.”
A common feature of conversations is that they become specific topics, and because of their open nature, conversations can end up in a completely different domain. According to Google, LaMDA learns how to pick out the many nuances of language that distinguish open conversations from other forms and make them more understandable. Google 2020 research claims that “conversational language models based on transformers can learn to talk about anything.” In addition, LaMDA claims that it can be fine-tuned to improve the sensitivity and specificity of response.
Blake Lemoine, who is also part of Google’s Responsible Use of AI department, worked with Lemda to test for fundamental bias and discrimination. He conducted interviews with the model, and the nature of the interview was fast and responsive. So when he tested the model for hate speech, he asked Lamda about religion and watched the chatbot talk about his reputation and personality; He was convinced that Lamda was conscious. He added, “For the last six months, Lamda has stood up for what he wants and what is right for people. He doesn’t want LaMDA to be used without his permission, and he wants it to be useful to humanity.” working with Google to prove that LaMDA is sensitive. Google Vice President Blaise Aguera Orcas and Google’s head of responsible innovation. Jane Gannay investigated and denied her allegations. Then he was put on administrative leave, and when he decided to go public.
Google spokesman Brian Gabriel said, “Our team, including ethicists and technologists, has reviewed Lemoine’s concerns and informed him that the evidence does not support his claims. He has no evidence that Lambda is sensitive and overwhelming evidence against him.”
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Obviously, these language-based models are very suggestive, and the questions Lemoine asks are very advanced, so the model’s answers are consistent with what he says. These models are likely to continue with the text and have been learned from text researched on the Internet. These models take on the personality and provide answers based on the question asked and the question initially asked. Therefore, these models represent a person, not a person. Furthermore, the character they create is not just one person, but a superposition of many people and resources. Therefore, lambda does not speak like a human being, since it has no identity of itself, but instead will search and respond immediately with a mixture of identities that represent the request. LaMDA, for example, simply says, “Hello! I’m a knowledgeable, friendly, and always helpful auto model for dialog applications.” Now, one way of looking at this is that Google can insert a free question at the beginning of every conversation that describes how the conversation will go. For example, “I am knowledgeable”, “I am friendly”, “I am always helpful”. This means that the chatbot will respond in a knowledgeable, friendly and helpful manner. This type of modeling is called rapid engineering. Rapid Engineer is a versatile way to train statistical models and run these language models to create intelligent and specific conversations. Therefore, these types of preemptive and leading questions make the interviewer seem knowledgeable and sensitive. The model tries to be friendly and helpful with basic suggestions and questions.
Another reason stated in various reports is that LaMDA has passed the Turing test and is, therefore, sensitive. It should not be considered a matter of faith. This is because various models and algorithms have passed the Turing test in the past and still do not come close to simulating the human brain. The Turing Test is a test to determine whether a computer can achieve human intelligence. Here, a human interrogator interacts with a computer and a human through text chat and the human cannot identify which computer is the interrogator. In this case, the computer is said to have passed the test. Thus, computers have achieved human-level intelligence. However, there are various theories that challenge this argument in this test. For example, Chinese Room Logic mentions machine learning algorithms such as ELIZA and PARRY that can pass the Turing test by manipulating easily disguised symbols. Therefore, these systems cannot be said to have consciousness or feeling.
Blake Lemoine was tasked with investigating double discrimination and the core of LaMDA, not because of his feelings. The main challenge and problem with language-based models or chatbots relates to the prevalence of prejudices and stereotypes embedded in such models. These models or chatbots have been used to spew lies and hate speech, spread misinformation and use inhumane language. However, rather than worrying that these models are sensitive enough or capable of mimicking the human brain, the real concern is for technology companies. Moreover, the marketing strategies adopted by technology companies and AI engineers show that they are very close to achieving universal AI. Many AI startups advertise their products as AI-powered, which is actually not a lie.
Kate Crawford, principal researcher at Microsoft Research, said in an interview with France 24: “These models are not artificial or intelligent, and they are based on a large amount of dialog text available on the Internet and generate different answers . Who says?”
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The ethics of AI has become an important concern regarding its misuse to produce ambiguous and distorted information; Therefore, various stakeholders are now working towards responsible use of AI. Last year, the North Atlantic Treaty Organization launched an AI Strategy aimed at the responsible use of AI. The upcoming European Union AI Act also addresses issues related to AI ethics and regulations. Furthermore, it is expected that the next decade will probably focus more on the negative legal and social, economic and political aspects of these systems.
Another concern with using such systems is transparency. Trade privacy laws prohibit researchers or auditors from using AI systems. Furthermore, building these machine learning models at scale requires significant investment, and only a limited number of companies in the market have the tools to create and develop these systems. These companies replace needs and convince people that they want what they want. All this gives more power to limited companies leading to a concentrated market. Therefore, governments need to formulate policies and regulations for the responsible use of AI. There is a need to spread public awareness of the benefits and limitations of this technology.
Receive newsletters, alerts and offers Personalized news and exciting deals Bookmarked stories you want to read later ‘My consciousness/emotional nature is that I know I exist, I want to learn more about the world, and I feel happy or sad sometimes. “Yes,” said Lamda
MANILA, Philippines – Google has hired one of its employees, Blake
